英语虚拟语气归纳总结：doc全文下载 href="/Upload/UploadFiles//coach_UploadFiles_8112/201311/2013112509522539.doc">高考英语虚拟语气归纳总结：doc全文下载
▓语法专题：虚拟语气
1、虚拟语气在if条件句中的应用：
|
|
从句 |
主句 |
例句 |
|
现在 |
did / were |
should / would / could / might do |
If I had time, I would attend the meeting. 如果我有时间的话，我就去开会。 |
|
过去 |
had done |
should / would / could / might have done |
If he had hurried, he could have caught the train. 如果他快点的话，他就能赶上火车了。 |
|
将来 |
①did / were ②were to do③should do |
should / would / could / might do |
If it should/were to rain tomorrow, we would call off the match. 如果明天下雨的话，我们将取消比赛。 |
练习：
①If it were Sunday today, I ________ go to school.
A.shan’t B.would not
C.can’t D.won’t
②If he ________ here, he would agree with you.
A.was B.is
C.were D.will be
◆关于“主将从现”的问题：
“在时间、条件状语从句中，如果主句中是一般将来时，从句中则用一般现在时。”
从句 主句
一般现在时---------------------------一般将来时
一般过去时---------------------------过去将来时
现在完成时---------------------------将来完成时
ΔIf you ______, I _______ you up at the station.
A.will come; will pick B.came; will pick
C.will come; pick D.come; pick
will
情态动词“意愿”----will do“愿意做....”
◆关于“倒装”的问题：
“从句中省略if，要使用半倒装的结构，即把should / had / were提到从句的主语之前。”
If I were you, I would go at once.
如果我是你的话，我立刻就离开。
→Were I you, I would go at once.
If he had hurried, he could have caught the early bus.
如果他快点的话，他就能赶上早班车的。
→Had he hurried, he could have caught the early bus.
◆关于“主、从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生的时间不一致”的问题：
If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.
如果你听从我的建议的话，你现在就会痊愈了。
If you had studied hard before, you would be a collage student now.
如果以前你努力学习的话，你现在就是一名大学生了。
两个“命令”-------order / command
+宾语从句-------（should）do......
三个“建议”-------advise / suggest / propose
四个“要求”-------require / request / demand / desire
①The doctor ordered that the patient （should）be sent to the hospital without delay.
医生命令病人应该一刻也不耽误地送往医院。
②They demanded that the black people （should）be treated as well as white people.
他们要求黑人应该和白人受到一样的待遇。
suggestion
requirement
request
①His suggestion that we （should）go to London is nice.
他建议我们去伦敦，真是好极了。
②His suggestion is that the meeting （should）be put off.
他的建议事会议延后。
③My idea is that we should think it over before accepting it.
我想我们应该仔细考虑后才能接受。
demanded
主语从句：It is required +that....（should）do.....
desired
①It is suggested that the meeting （should）be put off.
有人建议会议应该推迟。
②It is advised that we （should）think it over and over again before we do it.
有人建议我们在做事之前应该仔细考虑。
“坚决要求”+that....（虚拟）
特殊情况
suggest
“建议”+that....（虚拟）
①He insisted that he had never stolen anything.
他坚持说他从来没有偷过东西。
②I insisted that you give me my money back.
我坚决要求你把钱还我。
③His smile suggested that he was satisfied with our work.
他的微笑表明他对我们的工作很满意。
④He suggested that we (should) start off at once.
他建议我们马上出发。
urgent / essential
3、主语从句
②It is + n. that.....（should）do..... a shame
no wonder“难怪”
①It is necessary that he listen to the radio frequently.
他很有必要经常听收音机。
②It is a pity that he should fall off his bicycle.
很遗憾，他竟然从自行车上摔下来了。
4、wish that... had done......（表示过去不可能实现的愿望）
should / would / could / might do.....（表示将来不可能实现的愿望）
①I wish I knew everything in the world.
要是我什么都懂就好了。
②We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
要是我们早到两个小时就好了。
③I wish we could go to the seaside someday.
我希望有一天我们能够去海边。
5、would rather / prefer that.....
had done.................（过去）
①Don’t always make noise. I’d rather / prefer you kept silent.
不要总是吵闹，我宁愿你保持沉默。
②I would rather / prefer I hadn’t told him the bad news.
我宁愿没告诉他那个坏消息。
6、It is （high / about）time that.....
should do......
①It is time that the boy should go to school.
这个孩子该上学了。
②It is high time that the weather improved.
天气真该好起来了。
7、If only..........
had done...........（过去）
①If only I were a flying bird!要是我是只飞鸟就好了！
②If only I had seen the film！要是我看过这部电影就好了！
....for fear that
8、 could / should / might / would do.....
....in order that
....so that.....
①She called him lest he should go out.
她给他打电话以防他出去。
②They left early for fear that they would meet him.
他们很早动身以免和他见面。
③They removed the prisoner in order that he would not disturb the proceedings any further.
他们把犯人带走以防他干扰审讯的进行。
...without...
9、 ，+.....
...under... would / could / should / might do
...or....
...otherwise....
①But for the storm, I would have arrived much earlier.
要不是那场暴雨，我早就到了。
②Without your help, I wouldn’t have passed the driving test.
没有你的帮助，我就不会通过驾照考试。
（过去）-------had done
10、....as if / as though.....
（将来）------- were to do sth.
should do sth.
练习：
35. Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel.
A. is B. were C. has been D. had been
