(五)
A
Psychologists tell us that there are four basic stages that human beings pass through when they enter and live in a new culture. This process, which helps us to deal with culture shock, is the way our brain and our personality react to the strange new things we encounter when we move from one culture to another.
Culture begins with the "honeymoon stage". This is the period of time when we first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting. We may be suffering from "jet lag" but we are thrilled to be in the new environment, seeing new sights, hearing new sounds and language, eating new kinds of food. This stage can last for quite a long time because we feel we are involved in some kind of great adventure.
Unfortunately, the second stage can be more difficult. After we have settled down into our new life, we can become very tired and begin to miss our homeland and our family, friends, pets. All the little problems in life seem to be much bigger and more disturbing when you face them in a foreign culture. This period of cultural adjustment can be very difficult and lead to the new arrival rejecting or pulling away from the new culture.
The third stage is called the "adjustment stage". This is when you begin to realize that things are not so bad in the host culture. Your sense of humour usually becomes stronger and you realize that you are becoming stronger by learning to take care of yourself in the new place. Things are still difficult, but you are now a survivor!
The fourth stage can be called “at ease at last”. Now you feel quite comfortable in your new surroundings. You can cope with most problems that occur. You may still have problems with the language, but you know you are strong enough to deal with them.
There is a fifth stage of culture shock which many people don't know about. This is called “reverse culture shock”. Surprisingly, this occurs when you go back to your native culture and find that you have changed and that things there have changed while you have been away. Now you feel a little uncomfortable back home. Life is a struggle!
56. When does culture shock happen？
A. When you reach your teens
B. When you move to a big city
C. When you meet foreign people for the first time
D. When you go to live in a foreign culture
57. How do you feel during the first stage of culture shock？
A. Lonely and depressed B. Bored and homesick
C. Happy and excited D. Angry and frustrated
58. How could the third stage be described？
A. Adjustment B. Rejection C. Enthusiasm D. Anger
59. Why might-reverse culture shock be a problem？
A. It hardly ever happens. B. It is extremely stressful.
C. Most people do not expect it. D. It only happens to young people.
B
Mark felt that it was time for him to take part in his community, so he went to-the neighborhood meeting after work. The area' s city councilwoman(女议员) was leading a discussion about how the quality of life was decreasing. The neighborhood faced many problems.
Mark looked at the charts taped to the walls. There are charts for parking problems, crime, and for problems in vacant buildings. People were supposed to suggest solutions to the councilwoman.
It was too much for Mark.“The problems are too big,” he thought. He turned to the man next to him and said, “I think this is a waste of my time. Nothing I could do would make a difference here.”
Mark thought some more on his way to the bus stop. “People should just take care of themselves,”he decided. “That' s enough to do. I can' t take on all the problems of the world. ”
As he neared the bus stop, Mark saw a woman carrying a grocery bag and a baby. She was trying to unlock her car, but she didn't have a free hand. As Mark got closer, her other child, a little boy, suddenly darted into the street. The woman tried to reach for him, but as she moved, her bag shifted and the groceries started to fall out. Mark ran to take the boy's arm and led him back to his mother. Then he picked up the groceries while the woman smiled in relief. “Thanks! ”she said. “You've got great timing!”
“Just being neighborly,” Mark said. As he rode home, he glanced at the walls of the bus. on one of them was “Small acts of kindness add up. ”Mark smiled and thought, “Maybe that's a good place to start.”
60．In Mark’s opinion， ．
A． nobody was so able as to solve the problems
B． he was not in the position to solve such problems
C．many people were too selfish to think about others
D． he already had more than enough Work to do
61．The underlined word “darted” in paragraph 5 can be best replaced by“ ”．
A．walked B．marched C．wandered D．rushed
62．What is the implication of the Words on the bus wall？
A．You should be kind to your neighbors and they will treat you the same way．
B．Everyone can play his own part to make things better．
C．All small acts will add up to kindness．
D．It’s a small act to help a person in need．
63．The passage is mainly about ．
A．how individuals can help make a difference
B．running a neighborh00d meeting to solve its problems
C．citizens’ reactions to the problems they face
D．solving problems through group action
C
To the Editor,
I have been reading your newspaper, the Hometown Gazette, for the past two years, ever since I moved to Smithville. We moved here from
The Times is great, but the Gazette is another story. I' ve never read an article that doesn't contain at least three or four spelling or grammatical errors. For instance, in last week's issue, you misspelled the word“secretary,”used a singular verb with a plural noun, and used “it's”as a possessive(所有格). And that was just in the lead story! In case you never went to elementary school, “it's”means “it is. ”It's not a possessive adjective!
It's a pity that this tiny little hick (乡下) town has only one newspaper, because I' d like to have an alternative to the rag you publish. I find it hard to believe your news stories. If you can' t spell correctly, how can you get your facts right？
I' ve been meaning to get this off my chest for some time. Please cancel my subscription(订阅 ).And buy yourself a dictionary.
Sincerely,
Jane Z. Jones
64. Which phrase from the passage shows the writer' s prejudice(偏见)？
A. get this off my chest
B. three or four spelling or grammatical errors
C. tiny little hick town
D. reading the recipes in the magazine
65. The author's tone in this passage can best be described as
A. happy B. angry C. sympathetic D. objective
66. Which statement from the passage is a fact？
A. It' s a pity this town has only one newspaper.
B. The Times is great, but the Gazette is another story.
C. We still have the Times delivered on Sundays.
D. You never went to elementary school.
67. Which statement of the following is not true according to the passage？
A. The writer once lived in
B. The entire family enjoys reading the Styles section in the magazine.
C. The writer has long been planning to express his dissatisfaction with the local newspaper.
D. It is obvious that the editors of the newspaper are not very careful about their work.
D
Zurich of Switzerland is the city with the highest quality of life in 2006, while Baghdad, for the third year running, has the lowest, a survey published by human resource company Mercer on Monday shows. Zurich, Geneva and Vancouver made the top three in the list while Bangui in the Central African Republic and Brazzaville, the capital of Congo Republic, joined Baghdad in the bottom three.
Almost half the top 30 scoring cities are in
Chicago is one of the biggest climbers in．the rankings since 2005，rising to 41st from 52nd due to reduced crime rates，while Cairo is one of the biggest fallers，sliding nine places to 131st out of 215 cities．“(This was)due to political turmoil and terrorist attacks in the city and surrounding area，”Mercer said．
Asia—Pacific Auckland and Wellington have both moved up the rankings from 8th to 5th and 14th to 12th places respectively，while Sydney remains at position 9．In Asia，Singapore ranks 34th followed by Tokyo，Japan’s highest scoring city，at position 35．Hong Kong’s modem and efficient infrastructure，including its airport which is considered one of the best in the word, has pushed it up from 70th to 68th position. The top—ranking city in China’s mainland is Shanghai in 103th place．
“
68. We can learn from the passage that
A. European cities B. on the different continents
C. American cities D. the highest scoring cities
69. Which of the following cities in Asia is the best place to live in according to the survey？
A. Singapore. B. Tokyo. C.
70. Which of the following is not the possible quality - of - life factor according to the passage？
A. Political Stability. B. Transportation. C. Environment. D. Population.
71. Which is the correct order of the following cities according to their position on the list？
A.
B.
C.
D.
E
Native to America, the cane toad(癞蛤蟆)was introduced to northern Queensland 70 years ago to control sugarcane beetles(甘蔗害虫)．The toads failed in that duty but spread across
Now it calmly invades(侵略)the states of Western Australia and New South Wales (NSW). NSW wildlife experts fear the amphibians--which have poisonous backs that kill hungry predators,(食肉动物)--will have a terrible effect on native animals.
Those fears may be about to be realized．Australia's leading government research body， the Commonwealth Science and Industry Research organization (CSIRO)，forecasts a rise in average temperatures that will make NSW ideal living place for the cane toad．
Tony Robinson，head of CSIRO’s Wildlife，Pests，and Diseases Program，said climate change is increasing the amount of suitable living place for the toad．
“With climate change，the cane toads might go down as far as Sydney and some areas of Westem Australia，”Robinson said．
Recent estimates put the pace of the toad’s westward march at nearly 1 7 miles(27 kilometers)a year and slightly slower from north to south．
More southerly cities， such as Melbourne and Adelaide， would likely remain too cold and dry to ever suit the toads，Robinson noted，but Perth could expect cane toads in five years’ time．
Sydney could see their arrival in the next 20 years．
Robinson said there is no 0ne method that will keep the toads under control．
The cane toads already cover at least half of
A Venezuelan virus was tried in the 1990s but had to be given up after it was found to also kill native frog species.
Scientists and governmental bodies believe a national approach is needed.
The main threat the toads cause to species such as dingos, quolls, goannas, and crocodiles is the poison contained in glands (腺) on each of the frogs' shoulders. The poison sprays out when the toads are threatened or handled roughly.
The poison is made up of 14 different chemicals. Together they cause rapid heartbeats, excessive salivation, convulsions, and paralysis.
Cane toads also compete, and usually win, the hunt for food and living space.
“If the government and other states combine resources, I believe we can achieve a very practical biological -control research program, ”Burns said.
72. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage？
A. Poison Toads Leap Across
B. Strategies To Keep the Toads Under Control
C. The Main Threat the Cane Toads Cause
D. Climate Favours the Spread of Cane Toads.
73. According to the passage, which of the following is true about the cane toads？
A. The cane toads are strong enough to kill dingos, .quolls or even crocodiles.
B. With 14 different kinds of poisons in its body, a cane toad always wins the hunt for food.
C. The cane toad was brought to
D. The toads move westward and northward because there is plenty of food there.
74. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. The cane toad bites its enemy dead when it is threatened or handled rudely.
B. The cane toad has already threatened the survival of the native species.
C. Scientists and governmental bodies have achieved a successful biological - control program.
D. The cane toad likes warm and wet weather.
75. The underlined words “the amphibians”in the third paragraph mean .
A. hungry predators B. sugarcane beetles
C. the cane toads D. dingos
56～59 DCAC 60～63 BDBA 64～67 CBCA 68～71 AADB 72～75 ACDC
